AME 436 – Energy and Propulsion - Spring 2009

 

Instructor:

Prof. Paul D. Ronney

Office: Olin Hall 430J, 740-0490, ronney@usc.edu

Office hours: Thursdays 9:00 am to 12:00 noon; other times by appointment

 

Teaching Assistant:

John Jung

Office:  VHE 202, sewoongj@usc.edu  

Office hours:  Thursdays 1:00 pm to 4:00 pm; Fridays 10:00 am to 1:00 pm

 

Grader:

Thada Suksila

suksila@usc.edu  (for correspondence)

ame436@yahoo.com (to submit homework)

 

Lecture:  6:30 – 9:10 Tuesdays, OHE 132

 

Final:  Tuesday, May 12, 7:00 - 9:00 pm.

 

Web page:  http://ronney.usc.edu/AME436S09/

 

Required texts:

á      None; course will be taught primarily from lecture notes

 

Possibly useful supplemental materials:

á      Heywood, J. B., Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals, McGraw-Hill, 1988 (http://catalogs.mhhe.com/mhhe/viewProductDetails.do?isbn=007028637X)

á      Mattingly, J. D., Elements of Gas Turbine Propulsion, AIAA Education Series, 2005 (preferable to Hill & Peterson) (http://www.aiaa.org/content.cfm?pageid=360&id=1343)

á      Hill, P., Peterson, C., Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Propulsion (2nd Edition), Prentice-Hall, 1992 (http://www.pearsonhighered.com/educator/academic/product/0,3110,0201146592,00.html)

á      Turns, S., An Introduction to Combustion, 2nd Ed., McGraw-Hill, 2000 (http://catalogs.mhhe.com/mhhe/viewProductDetails.do?isbn=007235044X)

 

Grading:

Midterm exam

30%

Final exam

40%

Homework

30%

 

 

Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) course objectives:

 

To introduce the student to the design and performance of automotive and aircraft engines including power output, efficiency and emissions.

 

 

ABET course Outcomes: The student will be able to

1.     Scrutinize a calculated result for ÒobviousÓ mistakes

2.     Understand the differences between the basic types of internal combustion engines (premixed-charge reciprocating, non-premixed charge reciprocating, turbojet, turbofan, etc.)

3.     Understand the advantages and disadvantages of internal combustion engines compared to alternatives such as steam, electric and solar power

4.     Calculate flame temperature for an idealized fuel-air mixture (constant specific heats, no dissociation, etc.)

5.     Understand qualitatively how ideal flame temperatures are affected by non-ideal factors such as variable specific heats, dissociation, heat losses, etc.

6.     Understand the difference between the following four types of combustion processes:  laminar premixed flames, turbulent premixed flames, homogeneous reaction (knock) and non-premixed spray or droplet flames

7.     Analyze an ideal engine cycle (for either reciprocating or steady-flow engines) using P-v and T-s diagrams

8.     Analyze the performance (indicated mean effective pressure, thrust specific fuel consumption, thermal efficiency, etc.) of an ideal Otto, Diesel, Brayton, etc. thermodynamic cycle.

9.     Estimate the performance (indicated mean effective pressure, thrust specific fuel consumption, thermal efficiency, etc.) of an Otto, Diesel, Brayton, etc. thermodynamic cycle using a chemical thermodynamics computer program such as GASEQ.

10.  Estimate the effect of non-ideal processes (throttling, slow burn, heat losses, knock, compressor/turbine losses, etc.) on an engine cycle using P-v and T-s diagrams

11.  Estimate how these non-ideal processes affect engine design and performance.

12.  Understand the basic performance and design considerations of hypersonic propulsion systems and how they are analyzed.

13.  Understand how NO, CO, unburned hydrocarbons and soot emissions are formed in engines and how they are minimized.

 

AME 436 Tentative schedule

 

Week

Date

Subject(s)

Lecture

Optional readings

HW

Introduction

1

1/13

Engine types; alternatives to airbreathing combustion engines; review of basic thermodynamics

PDR

Heywood 1, Mattingly 1

 

Chemical thermodynamics and combustion

2

1/20

Fuels, chemical thermodynamics

PDR

Heywood 3, 4; Turns 2

 

3

1/27

Chemical thermodynamics

PDR

 

1A

4

2/3

Basics of combustion

PDR

 

1D, 2A

Unsteady-flow engines

5

2/10

Basic operating principles, design and performance parameters

PDR

Heywood 2

2D

6

2/17

Using P-V and T-s diagrams

PDR

Heywood 5.1 – 5.3

 

7

2/24

Ideal cycle analysis

PDR

Heywood 5.4 – 5.7

3A

8

3/3

Non-ideal cycle analysis

PDR

Heywood 5.8

3D, 4A

9

3/10

Combustion in engines: knock; ignition & misfire

 PDR

Heywood 9, 10

4D

 

3/17

Spring break

XXX

XXX

 

Steady-flow engines

10

3/24

MIDTERM EXAM - covering material through week 9

MT, PDR

Mattingly 4

 

Thrust and aircraft range

11

3/31

Compressible flow

PDR

Mattingly 3

5A

12

4/7

Ideal performance of turbojets

PDR

Mattingly 5.1 – 5.8

5D

13

4/14

Turbofans, ramjets, scramjets

PDR

Mattingly 5.9 – 5.11

6A

14

4/21

Non-ideal performance

PDR

Mattingly 6, 7

6D

Pollutant formation and remediation

15

4/28

Pollutant formation and remediation

PDR

Heywood 11; Turns 15

7A

 

5/12

 

FIN

 

7D

 

The readings are recommended, not required.  You will not be responsible for material in these readings that is not covered in lectures or the lecture notes.

 

 

Legend:

Disc                 Discussion session to discuss homework, answer questions, etc.

PDR                PDR lectures

SL                    Substitute lecturer

Review            Midterm exam review

MT                  Midterm exam

XXX                Break/end of semester

nA                   Homework n assigned

nD                   Homework n due

 

Homework topics:

1.   Chemical thermodynamics

2.  Combustion

3.   Ideal cycle analysis

4.     Unsteady flow engines

5.     Thrust and compressible flow

6.  Steady flow (propulsion) engines

7.  Hypersonic propulsion, pollutant formation